A few articles on the the olive industry in California and Spain caught the olive blog's attention this week. In this one, in Recordnet, Fritz Grupe talks about his dense, vineyard-style plantings that will allow mechanical harvesting. An article Capital Press, by way of contrast, looks at some of the history associated witht he Californian industry. The article says that the California Olive Oil Council reports almost 200 olive oil producers in their membership statewide and their members range from the scale of the California Olive Ranch to the boutique size of production. Finally, an article in Marinij about the Spanish olive industry says there are reputedly 250 types and regional varieties of olives in that country and that about 80 percent of the crop is concentrated in Andalusia. The article continues with a sweeping history of olives in Spain:
Olive cultivation and oil extraction were brought to Iberia by the Phoenicians around 1050 BCE, and again by the Greeks between 600 to 700 BCE but it was the Romans who turned Iberian oil into an industry. When the Roman Empire fell, olive oil production declined throughout most of Europe. In 711 when the Arabs arrived in Spain bringing new varieties and techniques, Spain saw an increase in cultivation. After 1492 when the Catholics conquered the Moors, in what is known as the Spanish Reconquest, the Catholic monarchs instituted the Inquisition, whereby all Jews and Muslims were forced to convert or emigrate. The use of olive oil was replaced with pork and lard, signs that one had converted to Catholicism.